Jacques Crémer is a Senior Researcher at the Toulouse School of Economics and his current research is on organizations theory and the economy of Internet. In February 2016, he has been appointed member of the Conseil national du numérique (French Digital Council) by decision of the French President. Jacques Crémer has held appointments at the University of Pennsylvania and the Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Research Professor at the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) from 1991 to 2014, he was next Director of the Institut d’Economie Industrielle (IDEI), Scientific Director of the Toulouse School of Economics, Fellow of the Econometric Society, and a member of its Council. He received his undergraduate degree from the Ecole Polytechnique (1971), a SM in Management and a Ph.D in Economics, both from MIT, in 1973 and 1977.