Professor at the Brussels School of Competition and College of Europe. Previously Principal Advisor Antitrust Policy at DG COMP (European Commission). Studied economics and political science at the University of Amsterdam and worked as an assistant professor at the Erasmus University Rotterdam. Joined in 1991 the European Commission, DG Competition. Was a central figure in various teams which created what is now called the effects-based approach in EU competition policy, in particular by making new rules for supply and distribution agreements (2000 and 2010), for de minimis agreements (2001 and 2014) and for technology transfer agreements (2004 and 2014). Also co-authored the Discussion Paper on the Application of Article 82 (2005) and the Guidance on the Commission’s enforcement priorities in applying Article 82 (2009). Speaks regularlyat conferences and has published on topics such as EU competition policy towards vertical agreements, resale price maintenance, abuse of dominance and competition and innovation. Teaches at the Brussels School of Competition and was a Senior Emile Noël Fellow at the Jean Monnet Center at NYU.